Emergencies, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, present complex challenges for State authorities. Such situations require States to balance their responsibilities to respond quickly and effectively to an emergency whilst continuing to safeguard the range of rights and freedoms that an emergency response may impact. Building on the legal analysis in the 2020 Guide “Covid-19 and the Impact on Human Rights”, this publication seeks to provide practical guidance on how best to approach the novel questions that arose during the pandemic whilst upholding individuals’ human rights. In Part one, the guide addresses critical questions posed by emergency situations like Covid-19, including how to balance the different rights engaged in contexts ranging from compulsory vaccinations to the imposition of lockdowns. Part two of the guide contains summaries of the European Court of Human Rights’ case-law identified as most relevant to the Convention rights discussed in Part one.